Calculator
Menu location: Tools_StatsDirect Calculator.
The StatsDirect calculator can be used both within StatsDirect and independently as a replacement for the Windows calculator. The calculator evaluates expressions in the form of simple arithmetic or more complex algebra.
All calculations are performed in IEEE-754 double precision (64-bit).
The 'save' button copies the expression currently evaluated and its result to a list from which you can select saved expressions to paste into new ones.
When you close the calculator it will offer to copy saved expressions and results to the clipboard.
| Constants | |
| PI | 3.14159265358979323846 (π) |
| EE | 2.71828182845904523536 (e) |
| Arithmetic Functions | |
| ABS | absolute value |
| CLOG | common (base 10) logarithm |
| CEXP | anti log (base 10) |
| EXP | anti log (base e) |
| LOG | natural (base e, Napieran) logarithm |
| LOGIT | logit: log(p/(1-p)), p=proportion |
| ALOGIT | antilogit: exp(l)/(1+exp(l)), l=logit |
| SQR or SQRT | square root |
| ! | factorial (maximum 170.624) |
| LOG! | log factorial |
| IZ | normal deviate for a p value |
| UZ | upper tail p for a normal deviate |
| LZ | lower tail p for a normal deviate |
| TRUNC or FIX | integer part of a real number |
| CINT | real number rounded to nearest integer |
| INT | real number rounded down to the nearest integer (e.g. -2.5 gives -3) |
Please note that the largest factorial allowed is 170.624, but you can work with Log factorials via the LOG! function, e.g. LOG!(272).
| Arithmetic Operators | |
| ^ | exponentiation (to the power of) |
| + | addition |
| - | subtraction; in front of a value it is negation, e.g. -5, -PI, -(3+2), -LOG(2) |
| * | multiplication |
| / | division |
| \ | integer division |
Calculations give an order of priority to arithmetic operators, this must be considered when entering expressions. For example, the result of the expression "6 - 3/2" is 4.5 and not 1.5 because division takes priority over subtraction.
Priority of arithmetic operators in descending order
- Factorial (!) and Exponentiation (^ or **): factorial first, so 2^3! is 2^6 = 64; a chain of powers is worked from left to right, so 2^3^2 is (2^3)^2 = 64
- Negation (-X): -2^2 is -(2^2) = -4 and -3! is -(3!) = -6; write (-2)^2 for 4. Exception = x^-y: a minus sign straight after ^ belongs to the exponent, i.e. 4^-2 is 4^(-2) = 0.0625. Formulas typed into worksheet cells follow the Excel convention instead, where =-2^2 is 4. Versions before 5 understood a minus sign only as part of a number, so they gave -2^2 = 4 and could not evaluate -PI or -(3+2)
- Multiplication, Division and Integer Division (*, /, \)
- Addition and Subtraction (+, -)
| Trigonometric Functions | |
| ARCCOS | arc cosine |
| ARCCOSH | arc hyperbolic cosine |
| ARCCOT | arc cotangent |
| ARCCOTH | arc hyperbolic cotangent |
| ARCCSC | arc cosecant |
| ARCCSCH | arc hyperbolic cosecant |
| ARCTANH | arc hyperbolic tangent |
| ARCSEC | arc secant |
| ARCSECH | arc hyperbolic secant |
| ARCSIN | arc sine |
| ARCSINH | arc hyperbolic sine |
| ARCTAN or ATAN | arc tangent |
| COS | cosine |
| COT | cotangent |
| COTH | hyperbolic cotangent |
| CSC | cosecant |
| CSCH | hyperbolic cosecant |
| SIN | sine |
| SINH | hyperbolic sine |
| SECH | hyperbolic secant |
| SEC | secant |
| TAN | tangent |
| TANH | hyperbolic tangent |
To convert degrees to radians, multiply degrees by pi/180. To convert radians to degrees, multiply radians by 180/pi.
| Logical Functions | |
| AND | logical AND |
| NOT | logical NOT |
| OR | logical OR |
| < | less than |
| = | equal to |
| > | greater than |